A bruised gum, also known as a gum hematoma, isn't as visually striking as a black eye, but it can still be quite noticeable and painful. Understanding what a bruised gum looks like can help you identify the injury and seek appropriate treatment. This guide will cover the appearance of a bruised gum, potential causes, and when to seek professional dental care.
What are the Visual Signs of a Bruised Gum?
The appearance of a bruised gum can vary depending on the severity of the injury. Generally, you'll notice some or all of the following:
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Discoloration: This is the most obvious sign. The affected area of your gum may appear dark purple, bluish-black, or even reddish-purple. The discoloration results from bleeding under the gum tissue. The color intensity can vary, depending on the amount of bleeding.
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Swelling: Bruised gums often swell, making the affected area appear puffy and raised. The swelling is caused by inflammation and the accumulation of blood.
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Tenderness and Pain: Touching or chewing on the affected area will likely be painful. The degree of pain can vary depending on the severity of the bruise.
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Bleeding: While not always visible on the surface, there may be some bleeding under the gum tissue, leading to the discoloration. You might notice some minor bleeding initially, or bleeding when the area is touched.
It's important to note that a bruised gum might not always display all of these symptoms. Some bruises might be less severe, showing only minor discoloration and tenderness.
What Causes Bruised Gums?
Several factors can lead to a bruised gum:
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Trauma: This is the most common cause. A blow to the mouth, a fall, or even biting down too hard on something can bruise the gum tissue. Dental procedures, such as extractions or deep cleaning, can also sometimes result in bruising.
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Poor oral hygiene: While not a direct cause of bruising, poor oral hygiene can make the gums more susceptible to injury and inflammation, potentially leading to more easily bruised gums.
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Underlying medical conditions: Certain medical conditions can affect blood clotting, making the gums more prone to bruising.
How Long Does a Bruised Gum Last?
The healing time for a bruised gum varies depending on the severity of the injury. Minor bruises might heal within a week or two, while more severe bruises could take several weeks to fully resolve. The discoloration will typically fade gradually as the blood is reabsorbed.
When Should I See a Dentist About a Bruised Gum?
While many gum bruises heal on their own, it’s crucial to seek professional dental care if you experience:
- Severe pain: Intense or persistent pain that doesn't improve with over-the-counter pain relievers.
- Significant swelling: Extensive swelling that interferes with eating or speaking.
- Persistent bleeding: Ongoing bleeding from the gums that doesn't stop easily.
- Signs of infection: Increased pain, pus, or fever.
- Numbness or tingling: Loss of feeling in the affected area.
Can I treat a bruised gum at home?
For minor bruises, you can try some home remedies to alleviate discomfort:
- Rinse your mouth with warm salt water: This can help clean the area and reduce inflammation.
- Apply a cold compress: This can help reduce swelling.
- Take over-the-counter pain relievers: Ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage pain and inflammation.
- Avoid hot foods and drinks: These can exacerbate swelling and pain.
- Eat soft foods: This will minimize irritation to the affected area.
However, remember that home remedies are only suitable for minor bruises. Always consult a dentist if you have any concerns.
Are bruised gums dangerous?
Generally, a bruised gum isn't dangerous and heals on its own. However, severe bruising can sometimes indicate a more significant injury, such as a fractured tooth or jaw bone. Therefore, it's always best to err on the side of caution and consult a dentist if you're unsure.
This information is for general knowledge and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment.
