Cedar is often categorized as a softwood, despite its sometimes surprisingly durable nature. This can be confusing, as "hardwood" and "softwood" don't always correlate directly with actual hardness. The distinction lies primarily in the botanical classification of the tree. Cedars belong to the Pinaceae family, which encompasses conifers—trees that bear cones and typically have needle-like or scale-like leaves. Conifers are almost always classified as softwoods.
However, the Janka hardness scale, which measures the resistance of wood to denting and wear, reveals a more nuanced picture. While generally softer than many hardwoods like oak or maple, different cedar species exhibit varying degrees of hardness. Some cedars are harder than others, and even within a species, the hardness can fluctuate based on growth conditions and the specific part of the tree.
Let's delve deeper into some frequently asked questions about cedar's hardness and properties:
What is the Janka Hardness of Cedar?
The Janka hardness of cedar varies significantly depending on the species. Generally, it falls within the range of 300 to 700 lbf (pounds-force). For comparison, oak typically registers above 1300 lbf, showcasing the relative softness of even the harder cedar varieties. This lower Janka rating means cedar is relatively easy to work with but may be more susceptible to dents and scratches.
Is Western Red Cedar Harder Than Eastern Red Cedar?
Yes, Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) tends to be harder than Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana). While both are considered softwoods, Western Red Cedar generally scores higher on the Janka hardness scale. This difference in hardness influences their respective applications in construction and woodworking.
Is Cedar a Strong Wood?
While not as strong as many hardwoods, cedar possesses a good strength-to-weight ratio. It's known for its resistance to rot and decay, thanks to its natural oils, making it a popular choice for outdoor applications. Its strength is adequate for many uses, particularly when its inherent resistance to rot and insects is factored in. However, for applications demanding extreme strength, hardwoods might be a more suitable choice.
What are the Uses of Cedar Wood?
Cedar's combination of softness, pleasant aroma, rot resistance, and relatively good strength makes it versatile. Common uses include:
- Outdoor construction: Siding, fencing, decking (though durability varies by species and climate)
- Interior finishing: Paneling, cabinetry, closets (renowned for its insect-repelling properties)
- Crafts and woodworking: Carving, furniture, and small projects.
- Boat building: Historically used for its resistance to water damage.
Is Cedar Wood Durable?
Cedar's durability is influenced heavily by its natural resistance to decay and insects. However, its relative softness means it's more susceptible to scratching and denting compared to hardwoods. Proper finishing and maintenance are crucial to maximizing cedar's lifespan, especially in outdoor applications. Exposure to harsh weather conditions can affect its longevity.
In conclusion, while cedar is botanically a softwood and generally softer than many hardwoods, its properties, particularly its rot resistance, make it a valuable material for various applications. The specific hardness and durability vary depending on the cedar species and its environment, requiring careful consideration when choosing cedar for a project.
