Cologne Cathedral, officially the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Mary, is a breathtaking masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Its exterior is iconic, but stepping inside reveals an even more awe-inspiring world of soaring heights, intricate details, and profound spiritual significance. This article delves into the captivating interior of this architectural marvel, exploring its key features and answering some frequently asked questions.
What are the main features of the Cologne Cathedral interior?
The interior of Cologne Cathedral is as impressive as its exterior. Stepping inside, you're immediately struck by the sheer scale of the space. The vast nave, punctuated by towering pointed arches and slender columns, stretches upwards towards the celestial vaulting. The stained-glass windows, although many are modern replacements, filter sunlight in vibrant hues, casting an ethereal glow across the stonework. Look closely and you'll see centuries of history etched into the very fabric of the building—from the intricate carvings adorning the capitals to the weathered stone itself. Key features include:
-
The High Altar: Located at the eastern end of the cathedral, the High Altar is a focal point of religious significance. It's a relatively modern addition, replacing earlier altars, but maintains the spiritual heart of the cathedral.
-
The Shrine of the Three Kings: This is arguably the most significant feature inside the cathedral. Housed in a gold-encrusted reliquary, it's believed to contain the remains of the biblical Magi. The sheer artistry and opulence of the shrine are mesmerizing.
-
The stained-glass windows: While many windows were destroyed over the centuries, significant efforts have been made to restore and replace them with beautiful stained-glass, bathing the interior in a kaleidoscope of colors. Each window holds its own story, adding to the richness of the cathedral’s interior.
-
The towering columns and arches: These are quintessential elements of Gothic architecture, creating a sense of both grandeur and ethereal lightness. The repetition of the design creates a rhythmic visual experience that draws the eye upwards.
-
The chapels and side altars: Numerous chapels and side altars line the aisles, each offering a space for quiet contemplation and prayer. These smaller spaces are often richly decorated and provide a contrast to the grand scale of the nave.
How tall is the interior of Cologne Cathedral?
The nave of Cologne Cathedral reaches a remarkable height of approximately 144 feet (44 meters). This colossal height contributes significantly to the feeling of awe and reverence experienced within the cathedral. The sheer scale of the space is a testament to the architectural ambition of its builders.
What kind of stone is used in the interior of Cologne Cathedral?
The primary stone used in the construction of Cologne Cathedral's interior, as well as its exterior, is a type of trachyte, a volcanic rock quarried locally. This durable stone has weathered centuries of exposure to the elements and continues to stand as a testament to its strength and beauty.
What is the history of the interior design of Cologne Cathedral?
The interior design of Cologne Cathedral reflects its long and complex history. Construction began in the 13th century, and the interior was gradually completed over the following centuries, with varying styles and artistic influences evident in different areas. The addition of the Shrine of the Three Kings, the development of the High Altar, and numerous other changes reflect both religious and artistic shifts throughout history. The damage suffered during World War II also significantly impacted the interior, requiring extensive restoration work in the post-war period. This ongoing process of building, destruction, and rebuilding is part of the cathedral's unique story.
What are some lesser-known features of the Cologne Cathedral interior?
Beyond the major highlights, the Cologne Cathedral interior holds many lesser-known gems. For example, keep an eye out for:
- The subtle details in the stone carvings: Spend some time examining the intricate carvings on the pillars, capitals, and other architectural features. They often depict biblical scenes or symbolic motifs.
- The various chapels and their unique features: Each chapel possesses its own character, with different styles of decoration and artwork.
- The atmosphere of quiet contemplation: While a popular tourist site, the cathedral also offers moments of peace and reflection.
Exploring the interior of Cologne Cathedral is an experience that transcends a mere architectural tour. It’s a journey through history, faith, and artistic achievement. Take your time, let the scale and beauty of the space wash over you, and discover the many layers of this extraordinary place.
