The Orthodox Church views Baptism and Chrismation as two inseparable parts of a single Mystery, often referred to as the Sacrament of Initiation. While distinct in their actions, they are intrinsically linked, forming a unified experience that marks a person's entry into the fullness of life in Christ. Understanding the difference between these two sacraments requires appreciating their individual roles within this holistic process.
What is Baptism in the Orthodox Church?
Baptism, in the Orthodox tradition, is the initial cleansing from original sin and the symbolic death to one's old self. It is a complete immersion in water, signifying a symbolic burial and resurrection with Christ. The act itself is profoundly symbolic, representing the washing away of past sins and a new beginning in faith. This cleansing is essential for entering into communion with God. The priest invokes the Holy Trinity during the ceremony, invoking the power of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit to sanctify the water.
What is Chrismation in the Orthodox Church?
Chrismation (also known as Confirmation or Myro) immediately follows baptism in the Orthodox Church. It is the anointing with Chrism (Myron), a sacred oil consecrated by a bishop. This anointing bestows the gifts of the Holy Spirit, making the newly baptized a full member of the Church and sealing their union with Christ. The Chrism itself is a mixture of olive oil and various fragrant spices, consecrated and blessed in a special ceremony led by the bishop. It signifies the descent of the Holy Spirit and the imprint of God's grace upon the recipient. Unlike some Western traditions where Confirmation is a later sacrament, Chrismation in the Orthodox Church is inextricably linked to baptism, completing the process of initiation.
What is the difference between baptism and Chrismation?
The core difference lies in their respective actions: Baptism cleanses, while Chrismation seals. Baptism is the symbolic death and resurrection, while Chrismation bestows the power and gifts of the Holy Spirit, enabling the baptized person to live a life guided by the grace of God. Though distinct, they are inseparable, one completing the other. It's not possible to receive Chrismation without having first been baptized.
Is Chrismation a separate sacrament?
While Chrismation is a distinct rite with its own unique action (anointing with the Chrism), it is considered inseparable from Baptism in the Orthodox Church. They are not two completely separate sacraments, but rather two integral parts of the single sacrament of initiation. Together, they fully initiate a person into the Christian life.
Do adults and infants receive Chrismation?
Both adults and infants receive Chrismation immediately following Baptism. There is no delay or separate ceremony for Chrismation, unlike some other Christian traditions. The sacrament is administered to all regardless of age, marking the complete incorporation into the Orthodox Church.
What are the benefits of receiving Chrismation?
The benefits of Chrismation include the full outpouring of the Holy Spirit, strengthening faith, granting spiritual gifts, enabling participation in the sacraments and the life of the Church, and bestowing God’s grace to live a Christian life. It's through Chrismation that the baptized individual receives the strength and guidance of the Holy Spirit to navigate life's challenges and remain faithful to Christ.
Can someone be rebaptized in the Orthodox Church?
No, rebaptism is not practiced in the Orthodox Church. Since Baptism and Chrismation are considered a single initiation, a person who has received these sacraments in a valid Orthodox ceremony will not be rebaptized. If someone joins the Orthodox Church from another Christian tradition, their baptism might be acknowledged, but they would typically receive Chrismation to be fully incorporated into the Orthodox Church. The process depends on the nature of their prior baptism and the specific Orthodox Church's guidelines.
The sacraments of Baptism and Chrismation are central to the Orthodox faith, signifying the beginning of a journey of spiritual growth and communion with God. Their interconnectedness highlights the profound grace bestowed upon those who enter the Christian life through these sacred mysteries.
